The annual celebration in remembrance of how God delivered Israel from slavery in a Egypt (Exodus 13:3-10), and more specifically how God spared Israelites and Egyptians who put lamb's blood above their door were passed over by the destroying force that otherwise killed all firstborn males (Exodus 11:4-10, 12:21-30), is prescribed very specific details for participation. In the following six days as well as Passover itself, no one is to eat or even possess any bread that contains yeast (Exodus 12:15, 17-20, 13:6-7, Leviticus 23:5-6, Deuteronomy 16:3-4). There must be no unnecessary work done on the first and seventh of these seven days beyond preparation of the food (Exodus 12:16). Passover is to be celebrated at twilight (Numbers 9:1-3, 9-11), with lamb eaten inside the home and none of the bones of the creature broken (Exodus 12:46, Numbers 9:12). None of the meat is to be left until morning, but if it cannot all be eaten, the rest must be destroyed by fire (Exodus 12:10).
As for the starting time, the first day of the week that culminates with Passover is to be the 14th of the month (Numbers 9:3). Even if someone is away on a journey but would otherwise have access to the resources needed to celebrate, he or she must partake in the Passover meal, but with their adherence to the procedures initiating on the 14th day of the following month (9:9-11). In either case, the meal on the final day is tied to twilight because God enabled Israel to depart Egypt by night after the deaths of the latter people's firstborn males (Exodus 12:31-42, Deuteronomy 16:1). While this annual event commemorates something of great significance to the history of Israel, it is vital that it is not reserved for only Jews. Exodus 12:43 might make it seem at first like no foreigner may eat the Passover meal, but the verses shortly after quickly clarify that this is not the case. They just must abide by Yahweh's commands (12:48-49).
Foreigners (initially, they would have been Gentiles) can of course celebrate Passover (Numbers 9:14) with the same requirements as Israelites, because honoring God is not something that would be doable or obligatory for someone based upon their nationality or geographic location. All people are made in God's image (Genesis 1:26-27), and all people have the duty to perform that which is righteous--which does not logically or Biblically depend on ancestry if something is morally required or immoral in itself; see Leviticus 18:24-28, 20:22-24, Deuteronomy 4:5-8, 29:9-15, and more. Foreigners who are male must be circumcised (Exodus 12:44-45, 48-49), however, before they are permitted to participate, which is just an expression of the equality of Israelites and Gentiles as humans: God introduced the requirement of male circumcision to the Israelites as one of his commands (Genesis 17:9-14, Leviticus 12:1-3).
The same laws here and elsewhere apply to the foreigner, as is explicitly affirmed (Exodus 20:8-11, 22:21, 23:9, 12, Leviticus 17:8-16, 19:33-34, 24:22, Numbers 15:13-16, Deuteronomy 5:12-15, 10:18-19, 16:9-15, 24:14-15, and so on), with just a handful allowing different interaction with a foreigner from abroad in highly precise situations (like Deuteronomy 15:1-3 and 23:19-20; contrast with Leviticus 19:33-34). In fact, many of the aforementioned laws such as Exodus 23:9 specifically mention that the Israelites Yahweh liberated in the Exodus know what it is like to be foreigners in Egypt, and that they should remember this as they treat foreigners like people should be treated. Neither Passover nor other Biblical holidays such as the Festival of Booths (Deuteronomy 16:9-12) and Festival of Tabernacles (16:13-15) are to be used to discriminate against foreigners.
In the gospels, the renowned last supper of Christ and his disciples and the subsequent events take place on Passover week (Matthew 26:17-19, John 18:28-29). Jesus carried out the Passover commands and openly affirms that he did not come to abolish Mosaic Law (Matthew 5:17-19, 15:1-20, Mark 7:1-13, and so on), which is rooted in Yahweh's unchanging moral nature (Malachi 3:6, James 1:17). His incarnation, life, death, and resurrection are utterly irrelevant to any change in the Biblical moral obligations that a person is literally capable of upholding regardless of geography or historical era. Indeed, Jesus is described as being a figurative Passover lamb (1 Corinthians 5:7). His proclaimed worldview, actions, and symbolic standing all reflect the fact that the New Testament does not do away with things like the criminal justice laws of the Torah or even the far lesser matters of dietary commands and holidays.
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