There are actually people who think that Nietzsche was not a nihilist and that his worldview is far from nihilism. What horrendous exegesis skills they have! Just like people can misunderstand the Bible, people can misunderstand other books, regardless of the author's worldview. Having to show that Nietzsche was a nihilist is like having to show that the Bible teaches theism--it is extremely simple. Some are quick to pretend like Nietzsche was more complex, grand, and rational than he was, when he was largely a fallacious, inconsistent, self-refuting imbecile who believed in contradictions and unverifiable premises. Defending intellectual failures reveals that one is as intellectually unworthy as the failures themselves.
In his work Beyond Good and Evil, Nietzsche makes a direct claim that moral nihilism is true: "There are no moral phenomena at all, only a moral interpretation of phenomena" (85). Here, he asserts that there are no moral truths which govern our actions, though people perceive and interpret events, actions, and ideas in a moral way. A declaration of moral nihilism could scarcely be simpler and more direct. Of course Nietzsche was a nihilist! Nihilism is synonymous with a denial of values, and the existence of right and wrong is tied to the existence of meaning--if morality exists, then so does meaning.
Nietzsche plainly describes himself in his own fucking writings as a moral nihilist, a denier of objective values, and as someone who denies the intrinsic veracity of logic. If someone identifies himself or herself as an adherent of a particular idea and those from later generations claim that the person actually didn't believe what he or she blatantly said, the ones denying what the adherent said are guilty of fallaciously misrepresenting someone's worldview. In some cases, this denial seems to be a consequence of quasi-Nietzscheans trying desperately to defend a person with a largely worthless ideology: they are attempting to make Nietzsche's writings sound more sophisticated and salvageable than they actually are.
I openly admit that Nietzsche occasionally reveals patches of genuine brilliance. I've mentioned this before, after all [1]. However, a great deal of his worldview is nothing more than incoherent, self-refuting impossibilities combined with misunderstandings of almost every major component of reality. Apart from a handful of legitimate points and a handful of pure contradictions, Nietzsche embraces concepts that would be utterly unprovable at best even if they were true (like moral nihilism). He contradicts both himself and necessary truths at his worst. The most thorough depth is always to be found exclusively in the worldviews of actual rationalists, and Nietzsche was far from being a rationalist. His contradictions and assumptions only highlight how unintelligent he tended to be.
Not even basic theism automatically disqualifies nihilism from being true. However, there is no rational argument for nihilism of any sort, since either the conclusion always fails to follow from its premises or the premises themselves are fallacious or untrue. I cannot refute nihilism, but I can refute every argument for nihilism [2]. Nietzsche's nihilism betrays his stupidity.
Beyond Good and Evil. Nietzsche, Friedrich. Trans. Kaufmann, Walter. New York: Vintage Books, 1989. Print.
[1]. https://thechristianrationalist.blogspot.com/2017/11/nietzsche-on-external-world.html
[2]. https://thechristianrationalist.blogspot.com/2018/06/arguments-for-nihilism.html
I've actually noticed this too! It always struck me as odd whenever someone tries to say Nietzsche wasn't nihilist. I'll see a quote by him similar to what you've cited and think no that sounds pretty nihilist. Haha
ReplyDeleteAdmittedly, I didn't really look into it to see if it was true because the subject of meaning (or lack thereof) is always pretty hard for me to think about a lot. I know it's important to know, but reflecting about meaning or purpose for too long easily sends me spiraling into existential crisises, even as a Christian!
I definitely have a hint of absurdism in me. I believe meaning does exist and that God created each of us with a purpose, but I think it's more a problem with the human condition that makes it hard for us to subjectively understand or know that meaning with 100% certainty. Because there's no verse in the bible saying "The specific and exclusive meaning for the life of Sean in the 21st century is X." I could be wrong though, I'm still going back and forth with myself on this
Saying Nietzsche wasn’t a nihilist is like saying the Bible teaches nihilism. It’s moronic, but I’ve met people who say that Nietzsche’s belief that values can be created somehow means he wasn’t a nihilist. But the whole basis for “creating” values is that there are allegedly no existing objective values to begin with! And that’s definitely nihilism.
DeleteThe most frightening period of my life started when I finally realized with explicit clarity that meaning doesn’t exist by necessity like logic does. I had known before that there was the hypothetical possibility of it not existing, but that possibility seemed so remote until I systematically restructured my worldview due to rationalism. I can definitely relate to how the subject of meaning can trigger existential crises. Thankfully, my emotional struggles with that are over, for now at least!
Meaning and purpose can refer to different concepts. Meaning pertains to existential/metaphysical significance, while purpose is the intended use for a thing (like the making of a hat with the intention of it going on a head). Though the Bible definitely teaches that humans have a general purpose to have a right relationship with God, as well as that things like truth are meaningful, I don’t know of any evidence at all that God has a particular, rigid “purpose” tailored for every individual’s life—in the sense that, for instance, if you don’t marry a certain person or accept a certain job, then you have deviated from your individual purpose. God gives each person individual competencies and strengths, and they are free to develop and apply them in any non-sinful way!
I think your last paragraph is what I believe about God giving us purpose but never really vocalized. I guess I was nervous that someone will call me a deist or think I believe God just doesn't care about what we do (which I don't).
DeleteA common mantra Reformed Protestants say the purpose of life is to "glorify God and enjoy Him forever". Which is from the Westminster Confession of faith. Though, I feel even THAT is vague because this can mean different things for different people. Like what do we mean by glorifying and enjoying God? Is there only one way to do it? Are there multiple unique applications? Isn't enjoyment a subjective thing? Do we ONLY exist for God's pleasure or can we also pursue our other interests(non-sinful, of course) in the short time we're here as well?
Plus, I feel there's an appeal to popularity. Like just because some assembly in England from 1600s agreed about this purpose, that means it's true and we should take them as gospel? Again, always been nervous to ask these questions and be called whatever protestants call people who don't agree 100% with them. Does any of this make sense?
Those questions make perfect sense! I wouldn't be surprised if other Christians internally challenge these traditional ideas about Christian purpose, but don't speak about the issue because they don't want to be perceived as a heretic. You're definitely not a deist for realizing that the Bible doesn't prescribe specific jobs for specific people! Deism involves a distant, apathetic/helpless deity, which is not the deity of Christianity. God can care about every aspect of our existences without having person-specific plans for each of those aspects.
DeleteVagueness is an enormous problem throughout church history. Many historical Christians settled for incomplete, shallow conclusions. While relating to God is the primary objective of human life, we can certainly pursue interests that we find enjoyable, given that they do not involve the violation of our moral obligations. Nothing about either of those excludes the other, but the latter is scarcely regarded, at least openly, as something that doesn't contradict Christianity.
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDelete