Monday, September 29, 2025

A Sabbath Walk

In Jeremiah, God tells the titular prophet to address the people of Jerusalem in condemnation of carrying a load through the city gates when walking through them on the Sabbath.  Quite overtly, it is the carrying of the load through the gates, likely for business purposes, that is treated as sinful, not walking into or out of the city.  God says nothing in these instructions to Jeremiah condemning mere walking on this day in accordance with how this is not itself called sinful in the Torah.  The very first chapter of Acts also mentions a "Sabbath day's walk" without any hinting towards prohibition of this activity.  I have singled out one verse from a longer portion of Jeremiah 17 on this matter (see verses 19-26), but verse 27 and the relevant part of Acts 1 are included here:


Jeremiah 17:27—"'But if you do not obey me to keep the Sabbath day holy by not carrying any load as you come through the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day, then I will kindle an unquenchable fire in the gates of Jerusalem that will consume her fortresses.'"

Acts 1:12—"Then the apostles returned to Jerusalem from the hill called the Mount of Olives, a Sabbath day's walk from the city."


Yes, nowhere does the Torah forbid walking on the Sabbath—or eating, drinking, changing clothes, bathing, and so on.  What it does plainly allow is anything involved in the physical exertion required to conduct and monitor daily burnt offering sacrifices (Leviticus 6:8-13) and offerings specifically made on the Sabbath (Leviticus 24:1-9, Numbers 28:9-10).  Moreover, while walking on the Sabbath is not evil according to the Torah and is explicitly permitted in Jeremiah 17 and Acts 1, there is no particular duration of time or amount of distance that is permissible to traverse versus evil.

Walking on the Sabbath is allowed for the maintenance of physical health, for the sake of mental relaxation, for the sake of savoring the freedom ironically granted by the Sabbath's absence of "work".  Yes, it is a day to relish in freedom from daily professional or agricultural labor, specifically of a physical kind.  It is a day where "your male and female servants may rest, as you do" (Deuteronomy 5:14), a day to be upheld "so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed" (Exodus 23:12).  These descriptions of liberation and rejuvenation are from the very wording of the allegedly unlivable laws revealed by Yahweh in the Old Testament so many pseudo-Christians fear or despise.

Anyone who thinks the literal prescriptions in the Torah or any elaboration on these laws in the prophetic writings excludes walking around one's home or outside of it on the Sabbath is deeply mistaken.  Since the Bible insists otherwise, they could indeed only have assumed, which is epistemologically irrational by default in addition to the concept they hold to being Biblically erroneous.  The Sabbath is in some isolated passages one of the more ambiguous moral issues the Bible addresses, but there is enough that is specifically forbidden (see Exodus 34:21, 35:3), required (the offerings I mention above), or allowed (like walking) that certain moral boundaries regarding the Sabbath are very clear to someone who has thoroughly read the Bible without making assumptions.


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