Sunday, February 19, 2023

Is The Xenomorph Lovecraftian?

With its acid blood and extreme aggression, the xenomorph of the Alien franchise is a lethal hunter, and one that cannot safely be stopped aboard a vessel in space just by using bullets, as its blood could dissolve the structure of the ship and doom the human passengers.  Its aesthetic uniqueness and menacing nature combined with its role in a story set in outer space have led some people to call the xenomorph and its franchise Lovecraftian.  The enigmatic introduction of the xenomorph, the way that it threatens human survival if the right events were to occur, and the science fiction setting all have been misidentified as markers of inherent cosmic horror in Alien.  Cosmic horror is not just about mystery and human vulnerability, though, so this would not make the 1979 movie Lovecraftian just by featuring these aspects.  In actuality, it is the prequel Prometheus that directly dives into Lovecraftian themes despite none of the multiple alien types of the film resemble the likes of Cthulhu or Azathoth.

The Engineers of Prometheus are certainly Lovecraftian in their thematic use, but even they are not representative of conventional cosmic horror monsters.  The image of a xenomorph seen in one of the Engineer rooms indicates that there is some sort of connection of this race to the titular alien of the franchise, though this might just mean that the Engineers stumbled upon the species and have a history of observing them or using them as effective but disposable weapons of war.  At most, the function of the Engineers as an ancient species preceding humans that is tied to the grand philosophical issue of human origins certainly relates to cosmic horror territory, but this does nothing to make the xenomorphs in themselves Lovecraftian.  Also, since Prometheus is a prequel released many years after Alien, people who watched the original film long ago and initially thought it was Lovecraftian would not have had Prometheus to present the xenomorph in the context of a more Lovecraftian cosmic horror light.

The xenomorph on its own is absolutely not Lovecraftian, however.  A relatively small animal that seems to just be another species that does not in any way seem to care about the deepest parts of reality is in no way anything more than loosely similar to a Lovecraftian entity in that both are nonhuman entities, as the eldritch beings of Lovecraft's "pantheon" might span dimensions, transcend the laws of nature (but not the laws of logic, the only thing no part of reality even in fiction can actually contradict!), engage in telepathic communication, and so on.  The xenomorph does not even have these characteristics in the slightest way!  For all of its potential to exterminate most of humankind if it was relocated to Earth, this extraterrestrial animal has nowhere near the power of Lovecraftian entities nor the same degree of inherently existential thematic foundation.

The xenomorph can be utilized to provoke terror that could then easily lead someone to think about cosmic horror, humanity's standing in the natural world and in the broader metaphysical hierarchy, and the kind of deeper metaphysics, epistemology, and existentialism that Lovecraftian cosmic horror centers on, but the beast itself, as dangerous as it is, does not even inherently connect with the themes of the Lovecraftian subgenre.  The xenomorph itself is just that: a violent beast that happens to be better equipped than many creatures to overpower prey or resist standard means of human defense, even if the sexual horror elements of its life stages do help distinguish it from other monsters of entertainment.  This does not mean that some aspects of the original Alien or Prometheus or Alien: Covenant do not directly or incidentally overlap with cosmic horror at some point, but the Alien film that is explicitly, consistently Lovecraftian is the one that does not even feature the main xenomorph at all, just a xenomorph-like animal in the very last few shots.

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